Fisiopatología del sangrado uterino anómalo / Pathophysiology of abnormal uterine bleeding

El sangrado uterino anómalo se define como cualquier variación del patrón normal de sangrado en aquellas mujeres en edad reproductiva, no gestantes, con repercusión en su calidad de vida. Se han descrito diferentes mecanismos y situaciones clínicas en las que se puede padecer un episodio o varios de sangrado uterino anómalo.En este artículo realizamos una revisión sobre los mecanismos fisiopatológicos implicados en los episodios de sangrado uterino anómalo que nos permita comprender los posibles tratamientos para esta dolencia.(AU)

Abnormal uterine bleeding is defined as any variation in the normal pattern of bleeding in non-pregnant women of reproductive age with an impact on their quality of life. Different mechanisms and clinical situations have been described to explain the origin of abnormal uterine bleeding episodes.In this article we conduct a review of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in episodes of abnormal uterine bleeding to understand potential treatments for this pathology.(AU)

¿Podría englobarse la fibromatosis agresiva dentro del espectro de los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal? / Could aggressive fibromatosis be considered whitin the spectrum of gstrointestinal stromal tumors?

Los tumores desmoides aparecen como resultado de la proliferación fibroblástica, sin signos histológicos de malignidad pero localmente muy agresivos. Se han descrito casos de fibromatosis tras extirpación de GIST. Presentamos el caso de un GIST gástrico operado, que a los 18 meses se realiza laparotomía exploradora por sospecha de recurrencia y tras hallazgos histológicos definitivos, se diagnostica de fibromatosis intra-abdominal agresiva. Se discute la valoración clínico-oncológica de la fibromatosis como forma de recurrencia local del GIST

Desmoid tumors appear as a result of fibroblastic proliferation without histological signs of malignancy but locally aggressive. Fibromatosis have been described after removing a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). We present a case of a resected gastric GIST and eigthteen months after surgery, a exploratory laparotomy was performed suspecting recurrence and after definitive histological findings, the diagnosis was aggressive intra-abdominal fibromatosis. Clinical-oncological assessment of fibromatosis is discussed as a form of GIST local recurrence

Importancia del estudio electromiográfico en el diagnóstico del temblor ortostático. Réplica / Importance of electromyographic studies in the diagnosis of orthostatic tremor. Reply

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Importancia del estudio electromiográfico en el diagnóstico del temblor ortostático. Réplica / Importance of electromyographic studies in the diagnosis of orthostatic tremor. Reply

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Importancia del estudio electromiográfico en el diagnóstico del temblor ortostático / Importance of electromyographic studies in the diagnosis of orthostatic tremor

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Tannic acid interferes with the commonly used laccase-detection assay based on ABTS as the substrate.

Laccase enzymatic activity in biological samples is usually detected spectrophotometrically through its capacity to oxidize several specific aromatic compounds. One of the most commonly used substrates is the compound 2-2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), which becomes green-blue coloured when it is oxidized by laccase. In this work we study the interference of tannic acid with the spectrophotometric assay to detect laccase by using ABTS as the substrate. Our data show that under the normal reaction conditions of this assay, but in the absence of any catalyst, tannic acid is able to carry out the chemical reduction of the oxidized specie of ABTS, thus decreasing the overall detectable laccase-activity values observed when this enzyme is present in the reaction mixture. Therefore, our results represent an important warning concerning a commonly used method for measuring, detecting or screening laccases in biological samples that may content tannic acid or structural-related molecules.

Papel del VEGF en la respuesta celular a la agresión / Role of VEGF in the cellular response to injury

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Cambios estructurales y calcificaciones vasculares en la uremia / No disponible

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Pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry monitoring of fungal-biotreated distillery wastewater using Trametes sp. I-62 (CECT 20197).

Distillery wastewaters generated by ethanol production from fermentation of sugar-cane molasses, named vinasses, lead to important ecological impact due to their high content of soluble organic matter and their intense dark-brown color. Taking advantage of the well-known ability of white-rot fungi to degrade an extensive variety of organic pollutants, the capacity of Trametes sp. I-62 (CECT 20197) to detoxify this type of effluents was evaluated. In this work, pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was applied to the chemical characterization of several fractions of Cuban distillery wastewater as well as to monitoring the changes which occurred after fungal treatment with this white-rot basidiomycete. Maximum effluent decolorization values and chemical oxygen demand reduction attained after seven days of fungal treatment were 73.3 and 61.7%, respectively, when 20% (v/v) of distillery vinasses was added to the culture medium. Under these conditions a 35-fold increase in laccase production by Trametes sp. I-62 was measured, but no manganese peroxidase activity could be detected. The pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry results showed a decrease in a number of pyrolysis products after seven days of fungal treatment, mainly furan derivatives. The decrease in the relative areas of these compounds could be related to the vinasse color-removal associated with melanoidin degradation. All these results indicated the potential use ofTrametes sp. I-62 in the detoxification of recalcitrant distillery vinasses.

Biotreatment of tannin-rich beer-factory wastewater with white-rot basidiomycete Coriolopsis gallica monitored by pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Some fractions of beer-factory wastewaters represent an important environmental concern owing to their high content of polyphenols and dark-brown color. The capacity of Coriolopsis gallica to preferentially degrade lignin has been successfully applied in our laboratory to the biotreatment and decolorization of paper-industry effluents. In this work, the ability of this white-rot fungus to degrade high-tannin-containing wastewaters is evaluated. Under all the conditions studied, effluent decolorization and chemical oxygen demand reduction achieved by C. gallica at day 12 of incubation were close to 50 and 65%, respectively. No adhesion of dark color to the fungal mycelium was observed suggesting that decolorization could be ascribed to C. gallica degradation systems. Mycelium dry-weight values showed that C. gallica is tolerant to relatively high tannin content present in the effluent samples. In the sample containing the highest effluent concentration (60% v/v), dry-weight values suggested an inhibition of fungal growth at day 6 of incubation and a further adaptation of the fungus to the stressing tannin effect at day 12 of fungal treatment. Pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry results showed a decrease of polyphenols pyrolysis products, mainly phenol and guaiacol, with the incubation time. All these results indicate the potential use of C. gallica in bioremediation of tannin-containing industrial wastewaters and in other applications where a reduction in polyphenols content is required.

A new technique for temporary transparietocecal ileal diversion in the prevention of anastomotic leakage in colonic operations.

A new technique of temporary transparietocecal ileal diversion in the prevention of anastomotic leakage in colonic operation is presented. The results of this new procedure, particularly with regards to the incidence of anastomotic leakage, morbidity and mortality, has been encouraging. There has not been a single instance of clinical anastomotic dehiscence in 73 patients in whom this technique was done. The postoperative course has been remarkably smooth. There has been no complications associated with this technique. This procedure is a simple and safe method of fecal diversion in planned colonic resections.